The triple approach for evaluating a dominant breast mass includes clinical examination and mammography, plus which of the following?

The triple approach to evaluating a dominant breast mass is a comprehensive method that ensures a thorough assessment. It typically involves a clinical examination, mammography, and a third modality that complements the first two for an accurate diagnosis. In this context, fine-needle aspiration is the correct addition.

Fine-needle aspiration is a minimally invasive procedure used to obtain cytological samples from a breast mass. This technique provides valuable information by allowing a pathologist to examine cells under a microscope, helping to determine if the mass is benign or malignant. This cytological evaluation is crucial when a mass is identified, as it can significantly influence the management and treatment plan for the patient.

In contrast, while other modalities like bilateral ultrasound, ductal lavage, and MRI provide additional imaging and diagnostic perspectives, fine-needle aspiration offers direct sampling of tissue, which is essential for differentiating between types of breast masses. This direct approach is indispensable in cases where imaging alone does not provide a definitive diagnosis, thereby supporting the rationale for its inclusion in the triple assessment strategy.